Air pollution is one of the greatest calamities of our time, not only because of its effect on climate change but also because of its impact on public and individual health due to increased rates of illness and mortality. A number of pollutants contribute considerably to human sickness. Through inhalation, Particulate Matter (PM), which comprises of particles of varying but very minute diameters, enters the respiratory system and causes respiratory and cardiovascular problems, reproductive and central nervous system dysfunctions, and cancer. Although while ozone in the stratosphere protects against UV irradiation, it is harmful at ground level in high amounts, affecting the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. In addition, individuals are negatively affected by nitrogen oxide, sulfur dioxide, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), dioxins, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). When breathed, carbon monoxide in high concentrations may be immediately toxic. Heavy metals such as lead, when absorbed into the human body, may induce acute or chronic poisoning, depending on the degree of exposure. The majority of the problems produced by the aforementioned medicines are respiratory factory balls, such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and bronchiolitis, as well as lung cancer, cardiovascular events, central nervous system dysfunctions, and skin conditions. In addition to natural disasters, climate change resulting from environmental degradation affects the geographical spread of several infectious diseases. National and international organizations must confront the escalation of this threat and develop long-term solutions.
Remedy for the Problem
Many research have been undertaken on the interactions between humans and their physical surroundings, since various human acts have an impact on the natural world. The environment is a mixture of biotic (living organisms and microorganisms) and abiotic (nonliving things) (hydrosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere).
Environmental pollution is the introduction of substances that are harmful to humans and other kinds of life. Pollutants are harmful solids, liquids, or gases produced in quantities above normal that impair the environment.