Credit and debit cards come equipped with various security features to protect cardholders and their financial information. Here are some common security features found on credit and debit cards:

1. EMV Chip: Most credit and debit cards now have an embedded EMV chip on the front. This chip generates a unique transaction code for each transaction, making it difficult for the card's information to be cloned or copied.

2. Card Verification Value (CVV): The CVV is a three- or four-digit security code printed on the back of the card (near the signature strip for Visa and Mastercard, or on the front for American Express). It serves as an additional security measure for online or over-the-phone transactions, verifying that the card is in the cardholder's possession.

3. Contactless Technology: Many cards now offer contactless payment capabilities, allowing for quick and convenient transactions by tapping the card on a contactless-enabled terminal. These transactions usually have a maximum transaction limit and require intermittent chip-and-pin verification to enhance security.

4. Secure PIN: Debit cards typically Credit card security require a Personal Identification Number (PIN) to authenticate transactions at ATMs and point-of-sale terminals. The PIN is known only to the cardholder and serves as an additional layer of security, ensuring that only authorized users can access funds.

5. Magnetic Stripe: While less commonly used due to the prevalence of chip technology, some cards still feature a magnetic stripe on the back. The stripe contains encrypted information that can be read by magnetic stripe readers, enabling compatibility with older payment terminals.

6. Fraud Monitoring and Alerts: Banks and financial institutions employ fraud monitoring systems to detect suspicious transactions. If any unusual activity is detected, cardholders may receive real-time alerts, allowing them to verify or report fraudulent transactions promptly.

7. Purchase Protection and Zero Liability Policy: Many credit and debit cards offer purchase protection and zero liability policies. These policies may provide coverage for unauthorized transactions, refunds for fraudulent charges, and protection against faulty or undelivered goods or services.

It's important for cardholders to familiarize themselves with these security features and follow best practices to protect their cards and personal information. This includes keeping cards secure, regularly monitoring transactions, and promptly reporting any suspicious activity to the card issuer.